Pembangunan Modul Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi di dalam Mata Pelajaran Sains Sekolah Rendah: Analisis Keperluan Guru

Authors

  • Mohd Nazri Hassan Fakulti Pendidikan dan Pembangunan Manusia, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Malaysia
  • Ramlee Mustapha Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Malaysia
  • Nik Azimah Nik Yusuff Fakulti Pendidikan dan Pembangunan Manusia, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Malaysia
  • Rosnidar Mansor Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v9n1-5.1185

Keywords:

higher-order thinking skills, analysis of the needs of teachers, primary school

Abstract

Teaching Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) has its own challenges and need to be emphasized in the curriculum as it is one of the skills of the 21st century. HOTS is among six main characteristics of students who aspire Ministry of Education to succeed globally. However, studies on the effectiveness of the module KBAT in science subjects still not carried out. Hence, the purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of teaching modules based on higher order thinking skills in science subjects in primary schools. The first phase of this study is to identify the needs of teachers of science on higher-order thinking skills module. The needs analysis also aims to determine the need and willingness of teachers to KBAT module in the teaching of science in primary schools. The initial analysis is carried out based on the protocol requirements interview involving 6 teachers teaching science subjects in six primary schools. The results showed that the willingness of teachers in the implementation and knowledge is minimal. Teachers are also not mastered the skills to integrate elements of higher order thinking skills in science teaching. Students facing dificulties to understand the questions as well as the teachers to develop high-level questions are identified problems faced by teachers. The interview data also shows teachers need simple guidance material or HOTS module to use for teaching and learning in the classroom.

References

Abd. Rahim Abd. Rashid. (1997). Kemahiran Berfikir Merentasi Kurikulum. Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit Fajar Bakti.

Anderson, L. W. & Krathwohl, D. R. (eds.). (2001). A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Longman. pp. 28-29, 43, 46, 67-68, 305-310.

Ball, A. L., & Garton, B. L. (2005). Modelling Higher Order Thinking: The Alligment Between Objective: Classroom Discourse and Assesments. Journal of Agricultural Education, 46(2), 58-69.

Beyer, B. K. (1984). Improving Thinking Skills: Defining The Problem. The Phi Delta Kappan, 65(7), 486-490.

Boeler, J., & Staples, M. (2008). Creating Mathematical Futures Through An Equitable Teaching Approach: The Case Of Rail Side School. Teachers College Record. 110(3). 608-645.

Burke, L. A. & Williams, J. M. (2008). Developing Young Thinkers: An Intervention Aimed To Enhance Children`S Thinking Skills. Thinking skills and Creativity, 3(2), 104-124.

Chick, H., & Stacey, K. (2013). Teachers of Mathematics As Problem Solving Applied Mathematicians. Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 122-135.

Choorapanthiyil, M. J. (2007). How International Teaching Assistants Conceptualize Teaching Higher Order Thinking: A Grounded Theory Approach. Tesis Doktor Falsafah, Indiana State University, Indiana.

Dewey, J. & Bento, J. (2009). Activating Children’s Thinking Skills (ACTS): The Effects Of An Infusion Approach To Teaching Thinking In Primary Schools. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 79(2), 329-351.

Elengovan Varutharaju & Nagendralingan Ratnavadivel. (2014). Enhancing Higher Order Thinking Skills Through Clinical Simulation. Malaysian Journal Of Learning And Instruction, 11, 75-100.

Estes, T. H. (1972). Reading In The Social Studies: A Review Of Research Since 1950. In Reading In The Content Areas, J. Laffery (ed.). Newark, Del: International Reading Association.

Fisher, R. (1999). Thinking Skills To Thinking Schools: Ways To Develop Children’s Thinking And Learning. Early Child Development and Care, 153, 51-63.

Franco, C., Sztajn, P., & Ramalho Ortigao, M. I. (2007). Mathematics Teachers, Reform And Equity: Results from the Brazilian National Assesment. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 38(4), 393-419.

Idris, A. (2002). Analisis Wacana Pedagogi Di Sekolah: Satu Kajian Kes Laporan Teknik Penyelidikan. Bangi, Malaysia: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (2012). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025. Kuala Lumpur.

Marzano, R. et al., (2003). Dimensions Of Thinking: A Framework For Curriculum And Instruction. Alexandria, Virginia: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Ministry of Education Malaysia. (2013). Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025. Education., 1-268.

Miri, B., David, B. C., & Uri, Z. (2007). Purposely Teaching For The Promotion Of Higher Order Thinking Skills: A Case Of Critical Thinking.

Ng, A. K. (2004). Liberating The Creative Spirit In Asia Students. Singapore: Prentice Hall.

Puchta, H. (2012). Developing Thinking Skills Inthe Young Learners’ classroom. Thinking booklet.pdf

Rajendran, N. S. (2008). Teaching & Acquiring Higher Order Thinking Skills: Theory & Practise. Tanjong Malim: Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.

Rajendran, N. (2001). Teaching of Higher Order Thinking Skills In Language Classrooms. Journal of South-east Asian Education, 2(1), 1-21.

Rosnani, H. & Suhaila, H. (2003). Implication for Educational Theory and Practice. Dalam Rosnani, H. & Suhaila, H. (eds.). The Teaching of Thinking in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Research Centre International Islamic University Malaysia.

Sukiman. (2012). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran. Yogyakarta: Pedajogja.

Swartz, R. (1992). Critical thinking, the curriculum, and the problem of transfer. Dalam D. Perkins, J. Bishop, & J. Lochhead (Eds), Thinking: The Second International Conference (pp.261-284). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Swartz, R., & Parks, S. (1984). Infusing The Teaching Of Critical And Creative Thinking Into Content Instruction: A Lesson Design Handbook For The Elementary Grades. California: Critical Thinking Press and Software.

Tee, T. K., Md Yunos, J.,Hassan, R., Yee, M. H., Hussein, A. & Mohamad, M. M.(2012). Thinking Skills For Secondary Students. Journal of Research, Policy & Practise of Teachers and Teacher Education, 2(2),12-23.

Yao, K. J.(2012). Using Modern Educational Technology Promote Learner’s Higher Order Thinking Skill. In z. Zhang & T. B. Zhang (Eds), 2012 Third International Conference on Education and Sports Education, 5, 455-458.

Zabani Darus. (2013). Status Pencapaian Malaysia Dalam TIMMS dan PISA: Satu Refleksi diperolehi pada 30 Oktober 2014 daripada http://education.um.edu.my/images/education2/download/kolokium/(1)

Zachariades, T., Christou, C., &Pitta-Pantazi, D. (2013). Reflective, Systemic And Analytic Thinking In Real Numbers. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 82(1), 5-22.

Zohar, A. (2013). Challenges In Wide Scale Implementation Efforts To Foster Higher Order Thinking (HOT) In Science Education Across A Whole Wide System. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 10, 233-249.

Downloads

Published

2017-03-29

How to Cite

Hassan, M. N., Mustapha, R., Nik Yusuff, N. A., & Mansor, R. (2017). Pembangunan Modul Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi di dalam Mata Pelajaran Sains Sekolah Rendah: Analisis Keperluan Guru. Sains Humanika, 9(1-5). https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v9n1-5.1185