Managing Organizational Change: The role of Middle Managers’ Stories and Emotional Reflexivity

Authors

  • Noor Khairin Nawwarah Khalid Department of Communication, AbdulHamid AbuSulayman Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Aini Maznina A. Manaf Department of Communication, AbdulHamid AbuSulayman Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Rizalawati Ismail Department of Communication, AbdulHamid AbuSulayman Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v16n1.2078

Keywords:

Emotions, emotional reflexivity, middle managers, organisational change, stories

Abstract

Previous studies have increasingly emphasised on the important roles of middle managers’ emotions in ensuring successful organisational change implementation. However, earlier research rarely focuses on middle managers’ emotional reflexivity during organisational change. The lack of awareness in practicing emotional reflexivity during change can affect middle managers’ work life quality where they can experience emotional vulnerability, workplace isolation and high sense of inadequacies. Using Communicative constitution of organisations the Montreal School (CCO TMS) as the theoretical underpinning, this research was conducted to study the emotional reflexivity of middle managers in a Malaysian organisation during organisational change. A qualitative methodology using semi-structured in-depth interviews was being carried to study about the targeted phenomenon and thirty middle managers from different departments in a Malaysian manufacturing aerospace component organisation has participated in this study. The analysis of the data generated seven emotional organisational change stories which were anxious, fear, anger, grief, hope, happy and gratitude. Those stories also generated the respondents’ emotional reflexivity dimensions which were self-consciousness, self-control and motivation. This research highlights the importance of listening to middle managers’ stories because it exposes the reasons for their acceptance and resistance towards change initiatives. It also highlights the importance for middle managers to instil emotional reflexivity skills in their work life as it helps them to understand and adapt to their organisation’s change programmes effectively. Lastly, this research also contributes to the enrichment of literature in the areas of CCO TMS theory, emotional reflexivity, organisational stories, as well as organisational change.

References

Adeagbo, M. J. (2021). An ‘outsider within’: considering positionality and reflexivity in research on HIV-positive adolescent mothers in South Africa. Qualitative Research, 21(2), 181-194. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794120922072

Aflaki, I. N., & Lindh, M. (2023). Empowering first-line managers as change leaders towards co-creation culture: the role of facilitated sensemaking. Public Money & Management, 43(5), 502-511. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2021.2007636

Alnoor, A. M., Al-Abrrow, H., Abdullah, H., & Abbas, S. (2020). The impact of self-efficacy on employees’ ability to accept new technology in an Iraqi university. Global Business and Organisational Excellence, 39(2), 41–50. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1002/ joe. 21984

Alshammari, F., Pasay-An, E., Gonzales, F., & Torres, S. (2020). Emotional intelligence and authentic leadership among Saudi nursing leaders in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Professional Nursing, 36(6), 503-509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2020.04.003

Aromaa, E., Eriksson, P., Montonen, T., & Mills, A. J. (2020). Emotion as soft power in organisations. Journal of Organisational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 7(4), 341-357. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-08-2019-0085

Bassano, C., Barile, S., Piciocchi, P., Spohrer, J. C., Iandolo, F., & Fisk, R. (2019). Storytelling about places: Tourism marketing in the digital age. Cities, 87, 10-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.12.025

Berggren, R., Pregmark, J. E., Fredberg, T., & Frossevi, B. (2020). Change in tightly coupled systems: The role and actions of middle managers. Research in Organisational Change and Development, 28, 183-209. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0897-301620200000028007

Berry, S., Trochmann, M. B., & Millesen, J. L. (2022). Putting the humanity back into public human resources management: A narrative inquiry analysis of public service in the time of COVID-19. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 0734371X211069656. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X211069656

Birknerova, Z., & Cigarska, B.N. (2021). Analysis of the links between burnout syndrome and coping strategies in trade managers. International Journal of Organisational Leadership, 10(2), 140-154.

Boeri, J., & Giustini, D. (2023). Qualitative research in crisis: A narrative-practice methodology to delve into the discourse and action of the unheard in the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative Research, 14687941231155620. https://doi.org/10.1177/14687941231155620

Bostanli, L., & Habisch, A. (2023). Narratives as a tool for practically wise leadership: A comprehensive model. Humanistic Management Journal, 8(1), 113-142.

Boukes, M., & LaMarre, H. L. (2021). Narrative persuasion by corporate CSR messages: The impact of narrative richness on attitudes and behavioural intentions via character identification, transportation, and message credibility. Public Relations Review, 47(5), 102107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2021.102107

Boutcher, F., Berta, W., Urquhart, R., & Gagliardi, A. R. (2022). The roles, activities and impacts of middle managers who function as knowledge brokers to improve care delivery and outcomes in healthcare organisations: A critical interpretive synthesis. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 1-17.

Brown, D. R., & Harvey, D. (2021). An experiential approach to organisation development. London: Pearson Education.

Buchanan, D., & Badham, R. (2020). Power, politics, and organisational change. London: Sage.

Bukhari, S. K. U. S., Gul, R., Bashir, T., Zakir, S., & Javed, T. (2021). Exploring managerial skills of Pakistan Public Universities (PPUs)’middle managers for campus sustainability. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2021.1883985

Cassell, C., & Bishop, V. (2019). Qualitative data analysis: Exploring themes, metaphors and stories. European Management Review, 16(1), 195-207. https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12176

Charoensukmongkol, P., & Phungsoonthorn, T. (2021). The effectiveness of supervisor support in lessening perceived uncertainties and emotional exhaustion of university employees during the COVID-19 crisis: The constraining role of organisational intransigence. The Journal of General Psychology, 148(4), 431-450. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2020.1795613

Charokopaki, K. A. (2019). Working on stories to enhance career decision-making self-efficacy. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 11(3), 63-82.

Cheah, C. W., Koay, K. Y., & Xiang, K. (2023). Uncovering the Voices of Marginalized Minorities in Public Policy Research-A Critical Review of the Image and Text-Based Vignette Method. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 22, 16094069231163429.

Cherry, M. (2021). Emotional intelligence competencies of hospitalist leaders. Organisation Development Journal, 39(1), 23-32.

Cimini, C., Boffelli, A., Lagorio, A., Kalchschmidt, M., & Pinto, R. (2020). How do industry 4.0 technologies influence organisational change? An empirical analysis of Italian SMEs. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 32(3), 695-721. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-04-2019-0135

Clarke, V., Braun, V., Frith, H., & Moller, N. (2019). Editorial introduction to the special issue: Using story completion methods in qualitative research. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 16(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2018.1536378

Clifton, J., & de la Broise, P. (2020). The yellow vests and the communicative constitution of a protest movement. Discourse & Communication, 14(4), 362-382. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750481320910516

Cunliffe, A. L., & Ivaldi, S. (2021). Embedded ethics and reflexivity: Narrating a charter of ethical experience. Management Learning, 52(3), 294-310. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350507620960014

Daniel, C. O. (2019). Effect of organisational change on employee job performance. Asian Journal of Business and Management, 7(1), 22-27. https://doi.org/10.24203/ajbm.v7i1.5700

Department of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal. (2022, August 12). Malaysia Economic Performance Second Quarter 2022. Department of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal: The Source of Malaysia’s Official Statistics. Retrieved November 20, 2022 from https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=100&bul_id=VEdjcVNyZ1dkUlh1SHl2US9SMSs1Zz09&menu_id=TE5CRUZCblh4ZTZMODZIbmk2aWRRQT09#

Dickson, C., & MacDonald, K. (2023). Embedding storytelling in practice through CAKE–a recipe for team wellbeing and effectiveness. International Practice Development Journal, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.19043/ipdj.131.003

Dikilitas, K., & Comoglu, I. (2020). Pre-service English teachers’ reflective engagement with stories of exploratory action research. European Journal of Teacher Education, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1795123

Dodgson, J. E. (2019). Reflexivity in qualitative research. Journal of Human Lactation, 35(2), 220-222. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334419830990

Dunwoodie, K., Macaulay, L., & Newman, A. (2023). Qualitative interviewing in the field of work and organisational psychology: Benefits, challenges and guidelines for researchers and reviewers. Applied Psychology, 72(2), 863-889.

Eder, K., & Carlson, S. (2020). Europe as a narrative laboratory. Klaus Eder on European identity, populist stories, and the acid bath of irony. Culture, Practice & Europeanisation, 5(1), 102-116. https://doi.org/10.5771/2566-7742-2020-1-102

Edgren, L.D. (1990). The commando model: A way to gather and interpret cultural data in the Swedish public sector. In B.A. Turner, Organisational symbolism 173-187. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter.

Elbanna, A., & Newman, M. (2022). The bright side and the dark side of top management support in Digital Transformaion–A hermeneutical reading. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 175, 121411.

Erickson, M., Hanna, P., & Walker, C. (2021). The UK higher education senior management survey: A statactivist response to managerialist governance. Studies in Higher Education, 46(11), 2134-2151.

Falconier, M. K., Wojda‐Burlij, A. K., Conway, C. A., & Kim, J. (2023). The role of emotion regulation in couples’ stress communication and dyadic coping responses. Stress and Health, 39(2), 309-322. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3186

Faupel, S., & Sub, S. (2019). The effect of transformational leadership on employees during organisational change–an empirical analysis. Journal of Change Management, 19(3), 145-166. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2018.1447006

Fischer-Appelt, B., & Dernbach, R. (2023). Exploring narrative strategy: the role of narratives in the strategic positioning of organisational change. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 36(1), 85-95. https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2022.2062303

Fitriasari, F. (2020). How do Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) survive the COVID-19 outbreak?. Jurnal Inovasi Ekonomi, 5(02), 53-62. https://doi.org/10.22219/jiko.v5i3.11838

Foroughi, H. (2020). Collective memories as a vehicle of fantasy and identification: founding stories retold. Organisation Studies, 41(10), 1347-1367. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840619844286

Gajic, I. (2020). Storytelling as a communication tool for establishing an organisational culture focused on changes in sport organisation. International Review, (1-2), 75-81. https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2001075G

Galpin, K. (2023). “Storying the Unstoried” Experiences of Organisational Change: How can Team Interventions using Story Disruption Change Sensemaking? (Doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Business and Law, University of the West of England, Bristol).

Gehring, K., & Grigoletto, M. (2023). Analyzing Climate Change Policy Narratives with the Character-Role Narrative Framework. CESifo Working Paper, 10429. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4456361

Hamilton, J. (2020). Emotional methodologies for climate change engagement: Towards an understanding of emotion in Civil Society Organisation (CSO)-public engagements in the UK (Doctoral dissertation, University of Reading). https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/95647/3/23861657_Hamilton_Thesis_Redacted.pdf

Hamouche, S. (2021). COVID-19, physical distancing in the workplace and employees’ mental health: Implications and insights for organisational interventions-narrative review. Psychiatria Danubina, 33(2), 202-208. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2021.202

Harikkala-Lahinen, R. (2019). The power of positivity: How employee emotions and interaction can benefit cross-border acquisitions. (Doctoral thesis, University of Turku, Finland). Retrieved June 18, 2022 from https://www.utupub.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/148204/AnnalesE48Harikkala-Laihinen.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.

Harikkala-Laihinen, R. (2022). Managing positive change: Emotions and communication following acquisitions. Journal of Change Management, 22(4), 373-400. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2022.2091635

Hibbert, P., Beech, N., Callagher, L., & Siedlok, F. (2022). After the pain: Reflexive practice, emotion work and learning. Organisation Studies, 43(5), 797-817. https://doi.org/10.1177/01708406211011014

Hibbert, P., Callagher, L., Siedlok, F., Windahl, C., & Kim, H. S. (2019). (Engaging or avoiding) Change through reflexive practices. Journal of Management Inquiry, 28(2), 187-203.

Hollihan, T. A., & Baaske, K. T. (2022). Arguments and arguing: The products and process of human decision making. Illinois: Waveland Press.

Holmes, M., & Thomson, R. (2023). Emotional reflexivity in the time of COVID-19: Working-class emotional practices. Emotions and Society, 5(2), 202-219. https://doi.org/10.1332/263168922X16680946441057

Holmes, M., Jamieson, L., & Natalier, K. (2021). Future building and emotional reflexivity: Gendered or queered navigations of agency in non-normative relationships?. Sociology, 55(4), 734-750. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038520981841

Islam, M. N. (2023). Managing organisational change in responding to global crises. Global Business and Organisational Excellence, 42(3), 42-57. https://doi.org/10.1002/joe.22189

Jamjoom, L. A., & Mills, A. J. (2023). Narratives of workplace resistance: Reframing Saudi women in leadership. Human relations, 76(7), 955-989. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267221087593

Jena, L. K., Sarkar, J., & Goyal, S. (2021). Sense of courage: The mediating role of courage between emotional reflexivity and work-life integration among nurses in Indian hospitals. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 8(3), 318-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2021.06.001

Khanolainen, D., & Semenova, E. (2023). Self and others in school bullying and cyberbullying: Fine-tuning a new arts-based method to study sensitive topics. Qualitative Psychology, 10(1), 30. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/qup0000236

Kim, L. E., Leary, R., & Asbury, K. (2021). Teachers’ narratives during COVID-19 partial school reopenings: An exploratory study. Educational Research, 63(2), 244-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2021.1918014

Kingston, S. (2023). Audio research methods, attitudes, and accessibility theory: Using audio vignettes to elicit attitudes towards sex work. Qualitative Research, 14687941231176937. https://doi.org/10.1177/14687941231176937

Knox, S., & Marin-Cadavid, C. (2022). A practice approach to fostering employee engagement in innovation initiatives in public service organisations. Public Management Review, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2022.2 055775

Kucukatalay, T., Vardarlier, P., Vayvay, O., & Ozsurunc, R. (2023). Identifying the factors affecting individual resistance against organisational change. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies, 4(1), 120-140. https://dx.doi.org/10.52547/johepal.4.1.120

Kusa, R., Duda, J., & Suder, M. (2022). How to sustain company growth in times of crisis: The mitigating role of entrepreneurial management. Journal of Business Research, 142, 377-386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.081

Lee, H. (2021). Changes in workplace practices during the COVID-19 pandemic: The roles of emotion, psychological safety and organisation support. Journal of Organisational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 8(1), 97-128. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-06-2020-0104

Lewis, L. (2019). Organisational change. In A.M. Nicotera. Origins and Traditions of Organisational Communication. 406-423. London: Routledge.

Ling, K. C., Cheng, M. L. S., & Yi, T. X. (2023). Determinants of corporate sustainability in the Malaysian construction industry. Journal of Management & Sustainability, 13, 166. https://doi.org/10.5539/jms.v13n1p166

Linvill, J. S., & Onosu, G. O. (2023). Stories of leadership: Leading with empathy through the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 15(9), 7708. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41469-019-0046-9

Liu, B. F., Austin, L., Lee, Y. I., Jin, Y., & Kim, S. (2020). Telling the tale: The role of narratives in helping people respond to crises. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 48(3), 328-349. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2020.1756377

Livijn, M. (2019). Navigating in a hierarchy: How middle managers adapt the macro design. Journal of Organisation Design, 8(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41469-019-0046-9

Logemann, M., Piekkari, R., & Cornelissen, J. (2019). The sense of it all: Framing and narratives in sensegiving about a strategic change. Long Range Planning, 52(5), 101852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2018.10.002

Lunenberg, F. C. (2020). Forces for and resistance to organisational change. National Forum of Educational Administration and Supervision Journal, 27(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119431503

Lynn-Sze, J. (2021). Female leadership communication styles from the perspective of employees. Journal of Media and Communication Research, 13(3), 83-93.

Maisyura, M., Aisyah, T., & Ilham, R. N. (2022). Transformational leadership in organisational transformation. Jurnal Ekonomi, 11(03), 478-488

Majcen, J., Tonkovic-Grabovac, M., & Cernja-Rajter, I. (2022). Recovery experiences and work engagement: The role of emotions at work. Psihologija, 17-17. https://doi.org/10.2298/PSI210721017M

Mak, A. K., Chaidaroon, S. S., Poroli, A., & Pang, A. (2021). Understanding organisational and socio-cultural contexts: A communicative constitutive approach to social license to operate among top Hong Kong companies. Public Relations Review, 47(3), 102055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2021.102055

Mattar, D. M. (2020). The culmination stage of leadership succession. Journal of Organisational Change Management, 33(7), 1355-1373. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-08-2019-0268

Meske, C., & Junglas, I. (2021). Investigating the elicitation of employees’ support towards digital workplace transformation. Behaviour & Information Technology, 40(11), 1120-1136. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2020.1742382

Muhamad, L. F., Bakti, R., Febriyantoro, M. T., Kraugusteeliana, K., & Ausat, A. M. A. (2023). Do innovative work behavior and organisational commitment create business performance: A literature review. Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(1), 713-717.

Muhr, S. L., De Cock, C., Twardowska, M., & Volkmann, C. (2019). Constructing an entrepreneurial life: liminality and emotional reflexivity in identity work. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 31(7-8), 567-582. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2019.1596348

Mukhtar, N. A., & Fook, C. Y. (2020). The effects of perceived leadership styles and emotional intelligence on attitude toward organisational change among secondary school teachers. Asian Journal of University Education, 16(2), 36-45. https://doi.org/10.24191/ajue.v16i2.10295

Nadkarni, S., & Prügl, R. (2020). Digital transformation: A review, synthesis, and opportunities for future research. Management Review Quarterly, 71(2), 233341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-020-00185-7

Nilsen, P., Seing, I., Ericsson, C., Birken, S. A., & Schildmeijer, K. (2020). Characteristics of successful changes in health care organisations: An interview study with physicians, registered nurses and assistant nurses. BMC Health Services Research, 20(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-4999-8

Nyqvist, F., & Lundgren-Henriksson, E. L. (2022). From servant to survivor: multimodal public service media narratives and restaurant industry identity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Organisational Change Management, 36(8), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-06-2022-0166

Ogbu, O. G. (2023). Ethical images and storytelling amidst differing expectations. Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being, 8(1), 48-52. https://doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.306

Olson, R. E., Smith, A., Good, P., Neate, E., Hughes, C., & Hardy, J. (2021). Emotionally reflexive labour in end-of-life communication. Social Science & Medicine, 291, 112928. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112928

Oreg, S., & Berson, Y. (2019). Leaders’ impact on organisational change: Bridging theoretical and methodological chasms. Academy of Management Annals, 13(1), 272-307. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0138

Parola, A. (2020). Novel coronavirus outbreak and career development: A narrative approach into the meaning for Italian University Graduates. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2255. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02255

Peeples, S. (2020). The work stories do: How stakeholder storytelling can support strategic renewal. (Doctoral thesis, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts). Retrieved May 19, 2022 from https://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/37364849.

Purwaningrum, E. K., Suhariadi, F., & Fajrianthi. (2022). Participation and commitment to change on middle managers in Indonesia: The role of perceived organisational support as mediator. Global Business Review, 23(5), 1218-1235. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150919892371

Ramdeo, J. (2023). Black women educators’ stories of intersectional invisibility: experiences of hindered careers and workplace psychological harm in school environments. Educational Review, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2023.2217358

Rydland, M. (2020). Middle managers’ role during strategic change: One size does not fit all. Beta, 34(1), 05-22. https://doi.org/10.18261/issn.1504 3134-2020-01-01

Sadaric, A., & Skerlavaj, M. (2023). Leader idea championing for follower readiness to change or not? A moderated mediation perspective of prosocial sensegiving. Journal of Change Management, 23(2), 200-227. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2023.2191128

Saleem, A., Aslam, S., Yin, H. B., & Rao, C. (2020). Principal leadership styles and teacher job performance: Viewpoint of middle management. Sustainability, 12(8), 3390. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12083390

Sarkar, J. (2021). Emotional reflexivity: Why it can matter more than emotional intelligence. Human Capital. Retrieved June 10, 2022 from https://humancapitalonline.com/Learning-&-Development/details/2481/emotional-reflexivity-why-it-can-matter-more-than-emotionalintelligence

Schermerhorn Jr, J. R., Bachrach, D. G., & Wright, B. (2020). Management. John Wiley & Sons.

Schneider, C. R., Zaval, L., & Markowitz, E. M. (2021). Positive emotions and climate change. Current Opinion in Behavioural Sciences, 42, 114-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.04.009

Scott, S. (2022). ‘I enjoy having someone to rant to, I feel like someone is listening to me’: Exploring emotion in the use of qualitative, longitudinal diary-based methods. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 21, 16094069221074444. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406922107444

Serrat, O. (2017). Storytelling. Washington: Asian Development Bank. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0983-9_91

Shaharuddin, W. Y. W., Ahmad, M., Omar, S., & See, Y. (2022). Gossip as a medium of informal communication: A measurement model of gossip engagement at the workplace. SEARCH Journal of Media and Communication Research, 14(2), 47 – 61.

Snow, E.L. (2021). A qualitative study of the use of storytelling to change organisational culture. (Doctoral dissertation, Saint Leo University). Retrieved May 19, 2022 from https://www.proquest.com/openview/763976cfa08c2fe50586b916761986d6/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y.

Solstad, E., & Petterson, I. J. (2020). Middle managers’ roles after a hospital merger. Journal of Health Organisation and Management, 34(1), 85-99. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-09-2018-0269

Song, J. (2022). The emotional landscape of online teaching: An autoethnographic exploration of vulnerability and emotional reflexivity. System, 106, 102774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2022.102774

Stark, J., & Reif, J. A. (2023). Time to tell a different story? Positive and negative follower perceptions of their leaders' storytelling. Journal of Work-Applied Management, 15(1), 81-95. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWAM-07-2022-0043

Strange, C. J. (2023). Strategies to retain employees in the mental health workplace. (Doctoral dissertation, Walden University). Retrieved May 19, 2022 from https://www.proquest.com/openview/7cd326228658525a309e797d3479bbf2/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y

Sukoco, B. M., Adna, B. E., Musthofa, Z., Nasution, R. A., & Ratmawati, D. (2022). Middle managers’ cognitive styles, capacity for change, and organisational performance. SAGE Open, 12(1), 21582440221081132. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221081132

Talha, M., Azeem, S., Sohail, M., Javed, A., & Tariq, R. (2020). Mediating effects of reflexivity of top management team between team processes and decision performance. Azerbaijan Journal of Educational Studies, 1(1), 105-119. https://doi.org/10.29228/edu.91

Taylor, J. R., Cooren, F., Giroux, N., & Robichaud, D. (1996). The communicational basis of organisation: Between the conversation and the text. Communication Theory, 6(1), 1–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.1996.tb00118.x

Thurlow, A. (2022). “Communicating Kindness at Work”. In M. Thompson (Ed.), Kindness in Management and Organisational Studies (Kindness at Work), 45-58. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80262-157-020221005

Van De Mieroop, D. (2021). The narrative dimensions model and an exploration of various narrative genres. Narrative Inquiry, 31(1), 4-27. https://doi.org/10.1075/ni.19069.van

van den Broek, M., Hegazi, L., Ghazal, N., Hamayel, L., Barrett, A., Kohrt, B. A., & Jordans, M. J. (2023). Accuracy of a proactive case detection tool for internalizing and externalizing problems among children and adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 72(1), S88-S95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.03.011

Vito, R. & Sethi, B. (2020). Managing change: Role of leadership and diversity management. Journal of Organisational Change Management, 33(7), 1471-1483. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-04-2019-0116

Vyatkin, A. V., Fomina, L. V., & Shmeleva, Z. N. (2019, August). Empathy, emotional intelligence and decision-making among managers of agro-industrial complex. The role of tolerance for uncertainty in decision-making. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 315(2), 022081. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/315/2/022081

Waling, A. (2019). Rethinking masculinity studies: Feminism, masculinity, and post structural accounts of agency and emotional reflexivity. The Journal of Men’s Studies, 27(1), 89-107. https://doi.org/10.1177/1060826518782980

Wijethilake, C., Upadhaya, B., & Lama, T. (2023). The role of organisational culture in organisational change towards sustainability: Evidence from the garment manufacturing industry. Production Planning & Control, 34(3), 275-294.

Yahaya, Z. S. (2020). Employee inclusion during change: The stories of middle managers in non-profit home care organisations. Home Health Care Management & Practice, 32(3), 165-171. https://doi.org/10.1177/1084822320901442

Yue, C. A., Men, L. R., & Ferguson, M. A. (2019). Bridging transformational leadership, transparent communication, and employee openness to change: The mediating role of trust. Public Relations Review, 45(3), 101779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2019.04.012

Zheng, W., Meister, A., & Caza, B. B. (2021). The stories that make us: Leader’s origin stories and temporal identity work. Human Relations, 74(8), 1178–1210. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726720909864

Zimmerman, R. D., Swider, B. W., & Arthur, J. B. (2020). Does turnover destination matter? Differentiating antecedents of occupational change versus organisational change. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 121, 103470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103470

Downloads

Published

2023-12-31

How to Cite

Khalid, N. K. N., A. Manaf, A. M., & Ismail, R. (2023). Managing Organizational Change: The role of Middle Managers’ Stories and Emotional Reflexivity. Sains Humanika, 16(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v16n1.2078

Issue

Section

Articles