The Effect of Violent Video Game Exposure on the Aggression Level of Undergraduates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v9n3-2.1275Keywords:
Violent video game, aggression, frequency of violent video gamingAbstract
Video game violence has seen to be one of the factors that cause aggressive behaviour and this act of aggression can be a potential source of violence. This study provide a better understanding on how video game will influence an individual level of aggression through examining the possible contributing factors such as the time spent on playing violent video game, the type of video game with violent content or non-violent content. 100 undergraduates from Universiti of Tunku Abdul Rahman Perak Campus were invited to participate in this study using convenience sampling method. This quantitative research adopted Habitual Video Gaming Violent (HVGV) questionnaire to measure the frequency of video gaming and Buss and Perry (1992) aggression questionnaire to measure the aggression level of participants. The main findings of this study were the content (violent or non-violent) of video game and the frequency of violent video game played will affect an individual’s aggression level. In future research, a larger scale experiment may be carried out in different state of Malaysia and have a more diverse sample, including people of other races and ages to generate a more reliable data.Â
References
Adachi, P. J., & Willoughby, T. (2011). The Effect Of Violent Video Games On Aggression: Is It More Than Just The Violence?. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 16(1), 55-62.
Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2001). Effects of Violent Video Games On Aggressive Behavior, Aggressive Cognition, Aggressive Affect, Physiological Arousal, And Prosocial Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review Of The Scientific Literature. Psychological science, 12(5), 353-359.
Anderson, C. A., & Carnagey, N. L. (2004). Violent Evil And The General Aggression Model. The Social Psychology Of Good And Evil, 168-192.
Anderson, C. A., Deuser, W. E., & DeNeve, K. M. (1995). Hot Temperatures, Hostile Affect, Hostile Cognition, And Arousal: Tests Of A General Model Of Affective Aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(5), 434-448.
Anderson, C. A., Gentile, D. A., & Buckley, K. E. (2007). Violent Video Game Effects On Children And Adolescents. New York: Oxford University Press.
Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The Aggression Questionnaire. Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology, 63(3), 452.
Elmore, W. R. (2012). The Effect Of Violent Video Game Play On Emotion Modulation Of Startle (Doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri--Kansas City).
ESRB ratings guide. (n.d.). Retrieved October 29, 2014, from http://www.esrb.org/ratings/search.jsp
Gentile, D. A., Li, D. D., Khoo, A., Prot, S., & Anderson, C. A. (2014). Mediators and Moderators of Long-term Effects of Violent Video Games on Aggressive Behavior: Practice, Thinking, and Action. JAMA Pediatr, 168(5), 450-457.
Greitemeyer, T. (2014). Intense acts of violence during video game play make daily life aggression appear innocuous: A new mechanism why violent video games increase aggression. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 50, 52-56.
Gronwall, D. M. A. (1977). Paced Auditory Serial-Addition Task: A Measure Of Recovery From Concussion. Perceptual and motor skills, 44(2), 367-373.
Krahé, B., & Möller, I. (2010). Longitudinal Effects Of Media Violence On Aggression And Empathy Among German adolescents. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 31(5), 401-409.
Kumarasuriar, V., Pangiras, G., Sinnapan, S., & Koran, S. (2011). A Study of the Relationship between Violent Video Game Playing and Aggression among Adolescents in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. International Proceedings of Economics Development & Research, 20.
Prokarym, M. (2013). The Effect Of Video Games On Aggressive Behavior In Undergraduate Students.
Rajasakran, T., Wong, A. K., Sinnappan, S., Kumarasuriar, V., Pangiras, G., & Koran, S. (2014). Aggressor Games: Of Violent Video Games and Aggression among Higher-income Group Schoolchildren in Malaysia. Science Technology & Society, 19(3), 383-398.
Sestir, M. A., & Bartholow, B. D. (2010). Violent and Nonviolent Video Games Produce Opposing Effects On Aggressive And Prosocial Outcomes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46(6), 934-942.
Valadez, J. J., & Ferguson, C. J. (2012). Just a Game After All: Violent Video Game Exposure And Time Spent Playing Effects On Hostile Feelings, Depression, And Visuospatial Cognition. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(2), 608-616.
