Penguasaan Kemahiran Proses Sains Asas dalam Kalangan Murid India di Beberapa Buah Sekolah Rendah di Perak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v2n1.389Keywords:
Basic science process skills, gender, school location, year level, Indian students, primary schools, PerakAbstract
This study aims to compare the mastery level of basic science process skills among upper primary Indian students by gender, school location, and by grade levels. Using an established 36-item Basic Science Process Skills (BSPS) test that assesses the skills of observing, communicating, classifying, measuring, predicting, and inferring with appropriate reliability and validity, the instrument was administered to 379 upper primary Indian students from two rural and two urban national typed primary schools in Perak. The dataset were analysed by gender and by location using an independent samples t-test, and by grade level using one-way ANOVA. The findings indicated that (1) upper primary students failed to achieve the two-third level or 67% in overall BSPS and across all specific BSPS; (2) there was no gender difference in overall BSPS and across all specific BSPS; (3) urban Indian students achieved significantly higher than rural Indian students in overall BSPS and across all specific BSPS; and (4) there was a significant difference in overall BSPS and across all specific BSPS among year 4, 5 and 6 primary Indian students in which the post hoc tests indicated that Year 6 Indian students achieved significantly higher than Year 4 and Year 5 Indian students except for classifying in which there was no significant difference between Year 6 and Year 5 Indian students. Key findings are interpreted and discussed in the context of science pedagogy and inculcation of science process skills.
References
Abdul Rahim, H., & Saliza, A. (2008). Tahap Penguasaan Guru dalam Melaksanakan Pentaksiran Kerja Amali (PEKA) Sains Menengah Rendah. Paper presented at the Seminar Kebangsaan Pendidikan Sains dan Matematik, 11–12 October 2008, Johor.
Alexander, P., & Kulikowich, J. (1994). Learning from Physics Text: A Synthesis of Recent Research. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31, 895–911.
Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum [BPK]. (2012). Modul Kemahiran Proses Sains–Dunia Sains dan Teknologi Tahun 3. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Brotherto, P. N., & Preece, P. F. W. (1995). Science Process Skills: Their Nature and Interrelationships. Research in Science and Technological Education, 13, 5–11.
Burns, J. (2013). Girls “beat boys†in skills-based science subjects. Accessed on July 29, 2013, from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-23181672?print=true.
Cain, S. (2002). Sciencing. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Carin, A. A., & Sund, R. B. (1985). Teaching Modern Science. 4th ed. Columbus: Charles E. Merrill Publishing Company.
Collette, A. T., & Chiappetta, E. L. (1986). Science Instruction in the Middle And Secondary School. 2nd ed. Columbus: Charles E Merrill Publishing Company.
Dhanapal, R. (2007). Hubungan Iklim Akademik Murid Sekolah Rendah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil dengan Konsep Kendiri, Relians Kendiri dan Kesediaan Intelek. (Unpublishd doctoral dissertation). Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Educational Planning and Research Division. (2013). Quick Facts 2013: Malaysia Educational Statistics. Putrajaya: Ministry of Education.
Federation of Malaya. (1956). Report of the Education Committee 1956. Kuala Lumpur: Government Press.
Filmer. I, & Foh, S. H. (1997). Penilaian Amali Sains Sekolah Rendah: Satu Kajian Perintis. Jurnal Pendidik dan Pendidikan USM, 15, 33–45.
Funk, H. J., Fiel, R. L., Okey, J. R., Jaus, H. H., & Sprague, C. S. (1979). Learning Science Process Skills. Iowa: Kendall/Hunt.
Harlen, W. (2013). Inquiry-based Learning in Science And Mathematics. Review of Science, Mathematics and ICT Education, 7(2), 9–33.
Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (2012). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Kamisah, O. (2012). Primary science: Knowing about the world through science process skills. Asian Social Science, 8(16), 1–7.
Kisho Kumari, S. (2012). Tamil Schools Development Blueprint to Focus on Four Areas. BERNAMA Education News Update. Accessed on January 21, 2014 from
http://education.bernama.com/index.php?sid=news_content&id=678472.
Lay, Y. F. (1999). Pencapaian Kemahiran Proses Sains Asas dan Bersepadu di Kalangan Guru Sains Sekolah Rendah. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sintok, Sarawak.
Mertler, C. A., & Charles, C. M. (2011). Introduction to Educational Research. 7th ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
National Research Council. (1996). National Science Education Standards. Washington D.C: National Academic Press.
Noorasyikin, K. (2002). Masalah Guru Dalam Pengendalian Penilaian Kerja Amali (PEKA) Biologi Di Daerah Muar. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor.
Ong, E. T. (2012). Inventori Kemahiran Proses Sains: Pelengkap dan Alternatif kepada PEKA (Penilaian Kerja Amali). Kertas yang dibentangkan dalam Seminar Kreativiti dan Inovasi dalam Kurikulum bertemakan Transformasi Kurikulum: Kreativiti Disemai, Inovasi Dituai, PNB Ilham Resort, Port Dickson, 1-4 October 2012, anjuran Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum, Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Ong, E. T., Wong, Y. T., Sopia, M. Y., Sadiah, B., & Asmayati, Y. (2011). The Development and Validation of an Encompassing Malaysian-Based Science Process Skills Test for Secondary Schools. Journal of Science and Mathematics Education in Southeast Asia, 34(2), 203–236.
Ong, E.T., & Bibi Hazliana, M. H. (2013). Penguasaan Kemahiran Proses Sains Asas dalam Kalangan Murid Sekolah Rendah di Selangor Berdasarkan Jantina, Lokasi Sekolah dan Aras Tahun. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains dan Matematik Malaysia, 3(2), 77–90.
Oorjitham, S. (2001, January 26). Forgotten community: Many of Malaysia’s poor are Indians. Asiaweek, 27(3).
Padilla, M. J. (1990). The Science Process Skills. Research Matters to the Science Teacher, No. 9004, National Association for Research in Science Teaching. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 266 961).
Padilla, M., Cronin, L., & Twiest, M. (1985). The Development and Validation of the Test of Basic Process Skills. Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching, French Lick, IN.
Piaget, J. (1953). The Origin of Intelligence in the Child. London: Routledge & Kegan.
Puspa, R. (2014). Perbezaan dalam Tahap Pemerolehan Kemahiran Proses Sains Asas di Kalangan Pelajar Rendah Atas di Negeri Perak. (Unpubished master’s thesis). Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjung Malim, Perak.
Rezba, R. J., Sprague, C., Fiel, R. L., & Jaus, H. H. (1995). Learning and Assessing Science Process Skills. 3rd ed. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.
Rose Amnah, A. R., Mohamad Sattar, R., Azlin Norhaini, M., Zarina, O, & Lyndon, N. (2013). Inculcation of Science Process Skills in a Science Class. Asian Social Science, 9(3), 47–57.
Settlage, J., & Southerland, S. A. (2007). Teaching Science to Every Child: Using Culture as a Starting Point. New York: Routledge.
Siti Aloyah, A. (2002) Penilaian Pelaksanaan Program PEKA Biologi. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Kuala Lumpur.
Wan Noraine, W. M. N. (2010). Kesediaan Guru dalam Melaksanakan PEKA PMR di sekolah menengah Kuala Trengganu. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor.
Wellington, J. (1994). Secondary Science. Contemporary Issues and Practical Approaches. London: Routledge.
Yeam, K.P. (2007). Tahap Pencapaian dan Pelaksanaan Kemahiran Proses Sains dalam Kalangan Guru Pelatih. (Unpublished M.Ed thesis). Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang,
