The Effects of Inquiry-Based Learning Environment with Augmented Reality Integration on Spatial Reasoning for Topic of Space / Kesan Persekitaran Pembelajaran Berasaskan Inkuiri dengan Integrasi Realiti Terimbuh terhadap Penaakulan Spatial bagi Tajuk Ruang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v16n3.2162Keywords:
s: Inquiry-based learning, 5E instructional model, augmented reality, spatial reasoning, Mathematics, Geometry, and topic of SpaceAbstract
Students' mastery of the topic of Space in the field of Geometry is also influenced by their spatial reasoning. The use of technology such as augmented reality applications is necessary in assisting students in develop these skills through its ability to display real objects virtually that can be manipulated freely. However, the effectiveness of integrating augmented reality applications requires the implementation of suitable teaching strategies. This is because learning involving difficult concepts requires students not only to receive information directly but also to actively engage in learning activities to generate knowledge and skills. Therefore, this study aims to design an inquiry-based learning environment with the integration of augmented reality and examine its effects on students' spatial reasoning for the topic of Space in Year Three Mathematics. This study used a pre-experimental quantitative research design involving 25 Year Three students. The purposive sampling method was used to select the school as the location of the study and convenience sampling was used to select students as the study respondents. Pre-tests and post-tests were used to measure students' spatial reasoning after the intervention. The results of the descriptive analysis show that there is an increase in the mean score of 6.16 for students' spatial reasoning. The results of the inferential analysis also prove that there is a significant difference in the mean score (Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) <0.001) between the pre-test and the post-test on students' spatial reasoning. Therefore, the results of this study have had a positive effect on students' spatial reasoning. In conclusion, this study is expected to encourage teachers to apply 21st-century learning strategies along with the integration of appropriate technology tools to design a learning environment of Mathematics learning among primary school students.
References
Ahmad, N. I. N., & Junaini, S. N. (2020). Augmented Reality for Learning Mathematics: A Systematic Literature Review. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 15(16), 106–122. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i16.14961
Anggraini, S., Setyaningrum, W., Retnawati, H., & Marsigit. (2020). How to improve critical thinking skills and spatial reasoning with augmented reality in mathematics learning? Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1581(1), 1-8.. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1581/1/012066
Bybee, R. W., Taylor, J. a, Gardner, a, Scotter, P. V, Powell, J. C., Westbrook, a, & Landes, N. (2006). The BSCS 5E Instructional Model: Origins, Effectiveness, and Applications. Bscs.
Chao, W.-H., & Chang, R.-C. (2018). Using Augmented Reality to Enhance and Engage Students in Learning Mathematics. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 5(12), 455-464. https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.512.5900
Che Mohd Sukri, N. S., & Abdul Rahman, M. H. (2022). Permainan Berkomputer Mata Pelajaran Matematik dalam Tajuk Operasi Asas. Journal of Engineering, Technology, and Applied Science, 4(2), 55–66. https://doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.jetas-0402.378
Ching, N., Rahim, H., & Salamat, Z. (2020). Tahap Amalan Pembelajaran Abad Ke-21 (PAK21): Satu Kajian Kes. Jurnal Pengurusan Dan Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 33(1)., 43-56
Chuen, T. L., & Rosli, R. (2021). The Content Domain Analysis of the Revised KSSR Standard 4 Mathematics Textbook Version 2017. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Dan Matematik Malaysia, 11(2), 51. https://doi.org/10.37134/jpsmm.vol11.2.5.2021
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research Methods in Education. In Research Methods in Education (8th ed.). Routledge.
Corder, G. W., & Foreman, D. I. (2014). Nonparametric Statistics - A Step-by-Step Approach. In Syria Studies (Second Edition, Issue 1). John Wiley & Sons.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. In SAGE Publications, Inc.
Fowler, S., Cutting, C., Kennedy, J. P., Leonard, S. N., Gabriel, F., & Jaeschke, W. (2021). Technology enhanced learning environments and the potential for enhancing spatial reasoning: a mixed methods study. Mathematics Education Research Journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13394-021-00368-9
Han, W., Xiang, S., Liu, C., Wang, R., & Feng, C. (2020). Spare3D: A dataset for spatial reasoning on three-view line drawings. Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR42600.2020.01470
Harris, D. (2021). Spatial ability, skills, reasoning or thinking: What does it mean for mathematics? Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia. In Y. H. Leong, B. Kaur, B. H. Choy, J. B. W. Yeo, & S. L. Chin (Eds.), Excellence in Mathematics Education: Foundations and Pathways (Proceedings of the 43rd annual conference of the Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia), pp. 219-226. Singapore: MERGA.
Jamel, S. F. W., Khalid, M., Sabar, S., Ahmad, S. F., Muhamad, M. D., Hamidon, M., & Othman, R. (2022). Elemen Multimedia Dalam Menjana Penaakulan Bagi Pembelajaran Al-Quran Bahagian Kefahaman Dalam Kalangan Pelajar. Proceedings Borneo Islamic International Conference, 13, 293–299.
Jerry, F. A. C., & Jamaludin, K. A. (2021). Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Inkuiri Kritis Dalam Mata Pelajaran Matematik. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 3(2). 386-400
Jumaat, N. F., & Saupian, Y. (2022). Pembelajaran Berasaskan Inkuiri dalam Meningkatkan Kemahiran Literasi Sains dan Pencapaian Murid menerusi Persekitaran Pembelajaran dalam Talian. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 7(1), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i1.1250
Kamaruddin, M., & Mohd Tahir, R. (2022). Pembelajaran Berasaskan Inkuiri Menggunakan Model 5E dalam Kursus Pengurusan Pusat Sumber : Kekuatan dan Cabaran. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan. 4(1), 428-435. https://doi.org/10.55057/jdpd.2022.4.1.34
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2012). Buku Panduan Kemahiran Menaakul (Edisi Pertama). Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2016). Panduan Pelaksanaan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Inkuiri. Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2017). Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran (DSKP) Matematik Tahun 3. . Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum.
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2020). Laporan Kebangsaan TIMSS 2019 - Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study. Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan
Korkmaz, H. İ., & Yılmaz, A. (2022). Inquiry-based mathematics activities to improve children’s Geometric and spatial thinking skills. Turkish Journal of Education, 11(3), 143–161. https://doi.org/10.19128/turje.949930
Kumar, R. (2010). Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners (Third). In SAGE. SAGE Publications Ltd.
Lowrie, T., Harris, D., Logan, T., & Hegarty, M. (2021). The Impact of a Spatial Intervention Program on Students’ Spatial Reasoning and Mathematics Performance. Journal of Experimental Education, 89(2), 259-277 https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2019.1684869
Lowrie, T., Logan, T., Harris, D., & Hegarty, M. (2018). The impact of an intervention program on students’ spatial reasoning: student engagement through mathematics-enhanced learning activities. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 3(1)., 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-018-0147-y
Ma’Rifatin, S., Amin, S. M., & Siswono, T. Y. E. (2019). Students’ mathematical ability and spatial reasoning in solving Geometric problem. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1157(4). 1-10https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1157/4/042062
Mantihal, S., & Maat, S. M. (2020). Pengaruh Pembelajaran Abad ke-21 (PAK21) terhadap minat murid dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Matematik: Satu tinjauan sistematik. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 2(1), 82-91
Nadzeri, M. B., Musa, M., Cheng Meng, C., & Ismail, I. M. (2022). Analysis of Weaknesses Among Second-Grade Primary School Pupils on Learning Geometry Topic. Online Journal for TVET Practitioners, 7(2), 44-52. https://doi.org/10.30880/ojtp.2022.07.02.006
Narpila, S. D. (2018). The Application of Inquiry-Based Learning to Improve Students’ Spatial Capability in SMA YPK Medan. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 7(2), 154-160
Nordin, N., & Daud, Y. (2020). Level of readiness of daily secondary school students for use of augmented reality in form 2 science textbooks. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(11 A) , 17-24.. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.082103
Novitasari, D., Risfianty, D. K., Triutami, T. W., Wulandari, N. P., & Tyaningsih, R. Y. (2021). The relation between spatial reasoning and creativity in solving Geometric problems. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1776(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1776/1/012007
Ong, E. T., Govindasamy, D., Singh, C. K. S., Ibrahim, M. N., Wahab, N. A., Borhan, M. T., & Tho, S. W. (2021). The 5E inquiry learning model: Its effect on the learning of electricity among malaysian students. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 40(1), 170-182. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v40i1.33415
Pangestu, A., & Setyaningrum, W. (2020). Instructional media for space geometry based on augmented reality to improve students’ spatial reasoning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1581(1), 1-6.. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1581/1/012058
Phon, D. N. A. L. E., Rahman, M. H. A., Utama, N. I., Ali, M. B., Halim, N. D. A., & Kasim, S. (2019). The effect of augmented reality on spatial visualization ability of elementary school student. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 9(2).. https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.8.5.4971
Ponners, P. J., & Piller, Y. (2020). The reality of augmented reality in the classroom. In Cognitive and affective perspectives on immersive technology in education 51-66. IGI Global.
Privitera, G. J., & Ahlgrim-Delzell, L. (2018). Quasi-experimental and single-case experimental designs. In Research Methods for Education. 333–370. Sage Publications
Ramful, A., Lowrie, T., & Logan, T. (2017). Measurement of Spatial Ability: Construction and Validation of the Spatial Reasoning Instrument for Middle School Students. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 35(7), 709-727. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282916659207
Ramlee, N., Rosli, M. S., & Saleh, N. S. (2019). Mathematical HOTS cultivation via online learning environment and 5E inquiry model: Cognitive impact and the learning activities. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 14(24), 140-151.. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i24.12071
Rich, K., & L. Brendefur, J. (2019). The Importance of Spatial Reasoning in Early Childhood Mathematics. IntechOpen. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.81564
Rozali, N. A., & Abd Halim, N. D. (2019). Kesan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Inkuiri Dengan Integrasi Video Terhadap Pencapaian Pelajar Dalam Pembelajaran Matematik. Innovative Teaching and Learning Journal, 3(2), 42–60.
Rusdin, N. M., & Ali, S. R. (2019, November). Amalan dan cabaran pelaksanaan pembelajaran abad ke-21. In International Conference on Islamic Civilization and Technology Management, 87, 09-1 - 09-8
Sahrir, M. S., Osman, N., & Muhammad, I. S. (2020). Aplikasi ‘Konsep 4C’Pembelajaran Abad Ke-21 Dalam Kalangan Guru Pelajar Sarjana Mod Pengajian Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Cuti Sekolah UIAM: Application of ‘4C Concept'in 21st Century Learning Among Student Teachers for Master in Education for Arabic in School Holiday Mode, IIUM. e-Jurnal Bahasa dan Linguistik (e-JBL), 2(1), 12-22.
Septia, T., Yuwono, I., Parta, I. N., & Susanto, H. (2019). Spatial reasoning ability of mathematics college students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1188(1). 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1188/1/012102
Siwawetkul, W., & Koraneekij, P. (2020). Effect of 5e instructional model on mobile technology to enhance reasoning ability of lower primary school students. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 41(1), 40-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2018.02.005
Susilo, T., Sujadi, I., & Indriati, D. (2018). Developing A Media “Visual Design of Pop Up Mathematics Book” as a Supporting Tool in Inquiry-Based Learning for Learning Three-Dimensional Figures. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1108(1) , 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1108/1/012029
Virata, R. O., & Castro, J. D. L. (2019). Augmented reality in science classroom: Perceived effects in education, visualization and information processing. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. https://doi.org/10.1145/3306500.3306556
Wei, C. Y., Kuah, Y. C., Ng, C. P., & Lau, W. K. (2021). Augmented Reality (AR) as an Enhancement Teaching Tool: Are Educators Ready for It? Contemporary Educational Technology, 13(3), ep303. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/10866
Winarti, D. W. (2018). Developing spatial reasoning activities within geometry learning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1088. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1088/1/012004
Woolcott, G., Le Tran, T., Mulligan, J., Davis, B., & Mitchelmore, M. (2022). Towards a framework for spatial reasoning and primary mathematics learning: an analytical synthesis of intervention studies. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 34(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13394-020-00318-x
Wulandari, S. (2022). Effects of Spatial Learning and Characteristics on Completing Spatial Tasks. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Innovation in Education and Pedagogy (ICIEP 2020), 619. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211219.036
Yılmaz, M. A. (2022). Spatial reasoning skills levels of junior high school students. International Journal of Geography and Geography Education, 135–147. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.32003/igge.1116462
Yusof, Y. M., Ayob, A., & Md Saad, M. H. (2021). Penggunaan Teknologi Kejuruteraan dalam Pendidikan STEM Bersepadu (Use of Engineering Technology in Integrated STEM Education). Jurnal Kejuruteraan, 33(1)
